Wood Dictionary
The Wood Dictionary is a valuable tool for enthusiasts and creators alike.
Navigate through detailed insights into wood characteristics, grain patterns, and versatile processing properties.
Amapola
Pseudobombax Ellipticum
Bombacoideae genus in the Malvaceae family.
Other names:
Chak Kuyché
Dr Seuss Tree
Rope Mangrove
Sea Hibiscus
Shaving Brush Tree
Zapotón
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Amapola is native to regions of North and Central America. It is an indigenous tree species in these areas.
Habitat: Amapola trees are adapted to a variety of habitats within their native range. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: They are often found in tropical and subtropical climates with warm temperatures year-round.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Amapola trees, and they are often found in areas with a pronounced wet season.
Soil: Amapola trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils and areas near riverbanks.
Altitude: Amapola trees are typically found at low to moderate elevations within their native range.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Amapola can range from a light pinkish-brown to a deeper reddish-brown. The colour can sometimes vary within the same piece of wood, providing a beautiful and natural contrast.
Grain: The grain of Amapola wood is generally straight, but it can also have wavy or interlocked patterns. This variety in grain patterns can create visually appealing and unique textures in the wood, making it a desirable choice for decorative woodworking projects.
Texture: Amapola wood usually has a medium to fine texture, giving it a smooth feel that is ideal for finishing.
Common Applications
Furniture Making: Its moderate hardness and good workability make it suitable for crafting various types of furniture, especially decorative pieces or items that are not subject to heavy use.
Decorative Objects and Carvings: The wood's fine texture and ability to take a smooth finish make it ideal for decorative objects, intricate carvings, and artistic sculptures.
Turned Objects: Amapola wood is often used in woodturning to create bowls, vases, and other ornamental items due to its ease of turning and finishing.
Cabinetry: Its appealing color and grain patterns can be used in cabinetry, particularly for interior decorative elements.
Musical Instruments: In some regions, it may be used in the construction of certain musical instruments, where its acoustic properties and aesthetic look are appreciated.
Small Woodcrafts: Including items like picture frames, jewellery boxes, and small decorative items.
Interior Millwork: Such as trim, moulding, and paneling, especially in settings where its unique colour and texture are desired.
Veneer: The attractive appearance of Amapola wood makes it a candidate for veneers used in finer woodworking projects.
Versatility Beyond Wood Working
The tree's flowers are used for decorative purposes and as a colourful and tasty ingredient in salads.
The Amapola produces yellow flowers that darken over the course of the day, transitioning to an orange hue, adding to its visual appeal.
Durability
Natural Durability: Amapola wood is not known for exceptional natural durability. It is not highly resistant to decay or insect attacks when compared to some other tropical hardwoods. Therefore, it may be more susceptible to rot and pests if left untreated or exposed to moisture and humidity.
Treatment: To enhance its durability, Amapola wood can be treated with wood preservatives or finishes. Properly treated Amapola wood can have improved resistance to decay, termites, and other forms of deterioration. Treating the wood with appropriate preservatives is especially important if it will be used in outdoor applications or in areas with high moisture levels.
Application: The durability of Amapola wood also depends on its application. For example, if used indoors for decorative purposes or in low-moisture environments, it may last longer without significant decay or damage. However, if used for outdoor applications, such as in construction or furniture exposed to the elements, it may require regular maintenance and protective finishes to maintain its integrity.
Environmental Conditions: The environmental conditions where Amapola wood is used can greatly impact its durability. Exposure to high humidity, constant moisture, or wet conditions can accelerate decay and reduce the wood's longevity.
Maintenance: Proper maintenance, including regular cleaning, sealing, and refinishing, can help extend the life and durability of Amapola wood products.
Moisture Content
Green Wood: When freshly cut (green), the moisture content of Amapola wood, as with most woods, is quite high. This can range significantly but typically is well above 30%.
Air-Drying: Amapola wood, like other hardwoods, is often air-dried to reduce its moisture content to a level suitable for most woodworking applications. This process can take several months to a year or more, depending on the climate and conditions. The target moisture content after air-drying is usually around 12-15%, which is considered good for most indoor applications.
Kiln-Drying: If kiln-dried, the moisture content can be more precisely controlled and reduced to specific levels suitable for the intended use. For indoor furniture and cabinetry, a moisture content of 6-8% is often targeted.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): In use, the wood will reach an EMC, where it balances with the ambient humidity. This level varies based on the local climate and indoor conditions. In many regions, this might be in the range of 8-12%.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 440 kg/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOE): 70380 cm3
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (REFLEX): 182 kg/cm2
- Modulus of Elasticity for Compression Parallel (MOECom): 501 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Elastic Limit for Compression Parallel (RLECom): 82025 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Rupture for Compression Parallel (RR Com): 203 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Elastic Limit for Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com Perp): 203 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Rupture for Shear Parallel (RR Corte): 203 kg/cm2
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 208 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transversal Face (JK Lateral): 230 kg
Safety Considerations
While Amapola wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
LC - Least Concern
(iucnredlist.org)
Bayo
Aspidosperma Estegomeris
Apocynaceae Family
Other names:
Ahzayok' Che
Guatamalan Aspidosperma
My Lady
Peruvian Aspidosperma
Spruce's Aspidosperma
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Bayo is native to regions that span from South America and Central America to southern Mexico and the West Indies.
Habitat: Bayo trees are found in tropical and subtropical zones. The following are characteristics of their typical habitat:
Climate: Bayo trees flourish in tropical climates, benefiting from the consistently warm temperatures throughout the year.
Rainfall: These trees require areas with regular and ample rainfall, essential for their growth and survival.
Soil: They are adaptable to various soil conditions but prefer well-drained, aerated soils.
Altitude: While specific altitude preferences for Bayo are not detailed, species in the Aspidosperma genus often grow at lower elevations similar to other tropical forest trees.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Bayo can range from beige to a reddish-brown colour, which can darken over time. The sapwood, in contrast, is usually lighter in colour, often a pale yellow or cream.
Grain: Bayo wood usually has a straight or slightly interlocked grain. The straight grain contributes to its appealing appearance and makes it easier to work with for various woodworking projects.
Texture: It typically has a fine to medium texture, which contributes to a smooth surface when finished. This fine texture also allows the wood to take stains and finishes well, enhancing its natural beauty.
Common Applications
Furniture: Bayo wood is commonly used in the crafting of furniture. Its fine grain and rich color make it suitable for making tables, chairs, cabinets, and other indoor furniture pieces. The wood's durability ensures that Bayo furniture can withstand everyday use.
Cabinetry: Bayo wood is a popular choice for kitchen and bathroom cabinetry. Its resistance to moisture and humidity makes it suitable for cabinetry applications where durability and stability are essential.
Interior Finishings: Bayo wood is used for various interior finishings, including moldings, trim, and paneling. It adds a touch of elegance to interiors and can be stained or finished to achieve the desired aesthetic.
Flooring: Due to its durability, Bayo wood can be used for hardwood flooring. It provides a sturdy and attractive flooring option for residential and commercial spaces.
Boat Building: Bayo wood's resistance to moisture and decay makes it suitable for boat building. It is often used for constructing boat interiors, decks, and other components.
Musical Instruments: Bayo wood is valued by luthiers for its acoustic properties. It is used in the construction of musical instruments such as guitars, violins, and other stringed instruments.
Versatility Beyond Wood Working
The tree is known for its attractive flowers, which are used to decorate homes and churches in Central America.
The bark of the tree is reported to be diuretic and laxative, and the oil from the seeds has been used in the treatment of rheumatism.
It is important to note that the use of any plant or tree for medicinal purposes should be done under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.
Durability
Natural Durability: Bayo wood is known for its natural resistance to decay and rot, making it a durable choice for many applications. This natural durability is due to the presence of certain chemical compounds within the wood that provide resistance to fungi and insects.
Resistance to Insects: It typically shows good resistance to insect attacks, which is an important aspect of durability, especially in wood used for outdoor applications or in areas prone to insect infestation.
Application-Based Durability: The durability of Bayo wood also depends on its usage. It is well-suited for interior applications such as furniture, cabinetry, and flooring. For exterior applications, its durability is generally good, but like all woods, it may require additional treatment or protective finishes to endure harsh outdoor conditions over a long period.
Maintenance and Care: The longevity and durability of Bayo wood can be enhanced through proper maintenance and care. Regular cleaning, occasional refinishing, and protection from extreme conditions can help maintain its durability.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: When freshly cut, wood contains a high amount of moisture, often referred to as green moisture content. This can be significantly high, sometimes over 100% based on the wood's dry weight.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): This is the moisture content of wood when it has reached a balance with the surrounding atmospheric conditions. For indoor use, woods like Bayo are usually dried to an EMC of about 6-8% in most temperate climates. In more humid climates, the EMC might be higher, around 9-14%.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 670 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 167280 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 628 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 1144 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 132475 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 277 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 451 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 451 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 451 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 476 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 592 kg
Safety Considerations
Handling fresh wood and the sap from Aspidosperma species may lead to irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, causing general discomfort.
Contact with sawdust on eroded skin can result in local burning and a vesicular rash, accompanied by symptoms like weakness, muscle cramps, sweating, dry mouth, and fainting.
The toxicity diminishes once the wood is thoroughly dried, except when exposed to polishes or dyes containing organic solvents.
Endangerment Level
Not Evaluated
(iucnredlist.org)
Caoba
Swetenia Macrophylla
Meliaceae Family
Other names:
Big Leaf Mahogany
Brazilian Mahogany
Honduran Mahogany
Kanak-Che
Large Leaved Mahogany
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Caoba is native to the neotropical regions of the Americas. Its natural range includes parts of Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. It is indigenous to these areas.
Habitat: Caoba trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical environments. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Caoba trees thrive in a tropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is crucial for the growth of Caoba trees. They are often found in areas with consistent and sufficient rainfall, which supports their rapid growth.
Soil: Caoba trees can grow in a variety of soil types, including well-drained soils with good aeration. They are often found in lowland tropical forests.
Altitude: Caoba trees are typically found at lower elevations, often below 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) above sea level.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Caoba typically has a rich, reddish-brown colour that deepens over time. The shades can vary from a medium to dark reddish-brown, often with a reddish or golden hue.
The sapwood of Caoba is usually quite distinct from the heartwood, being much lighter in colour, often pale yellow or pinkish.
Grain: The grain of Caoba is usually straight, but it can also be interlocked or wavy. This varied grain pattern can create beautiful visual effects, especially when the wood is polished or finished.
Texture: The texture is typically fine and even, contributing to a smooth, lustrous surface when finished.
Common Applications
Fine Furniture: Caoba's rich colour and durability make it ideal for high-end furniture, including tables, chairs, cabinets, and decorative pieces.
Cabinetry and Millwork: Its stability and ease of working make it a popular choice for cabinetry, millwork, and interior trim, especially in luxury homes and historical restorations.
Boat Building: Caoba's resistance to water and decay makes it suitable for boat and ship construction, particularly for interiors, decks, and trim work.
Musical Instruments: Its tonal qualities are appreciated in the manufacture of musical instruments such as guitars, pianos, and drums.
Doors and Windows: Its stability and durability are ideal for crafting high-quality doors and windows that withstand the elements while providing an elegant look.
Flooring: Used in parquet and other high-end flooring, Caoba offers a luxurious and long-lasting surface.
Veneer and Paneling: The attractive grain and color of Caoba make it a sought-after veneer for paneling, furniture, and decorative accents.
Architectural Accents: It is often used for decorative accents and architectural details in buildings due to its beauty and ease of carving.
Sculpture and Carving: The wood's workability lends itself well to detailed carving and sculpture, making it a favourite for artisans.
Outdoor Furniture and Structures: Treated Caoba can be used for outdoor furniture and structures, although care must be taken to protect it from the elements.
Versatility Beyond Wood Working
In addition to its applications in woodworking, mahogany has been historically used for various purposes, including traditional medicine and cultural practices.
Durability
Natural Durability: Caoba is naturally resistant to decay, rot, and insect attacks. This durability makes it an excellent choice for high-quality furniture, cabinetry, boat building, and other outdoor applications.
Resistance to Environmental Conditions: It performs well under various environmental conditions. Caoba is less prone to warping, shrinking, or swelling compared to many other types of wood, which contributes to its longevity and stability in various uses.
Insect Resistance: Caoba is also known for its resistance to termites and other wood-destroying insects, which is a significant factor in its overall durability, especially in regions where these pests are prevalent.
Longevity: With proper care and maintenance, Caoba products can last for generations. Its ability to withstand the test of time is evident in antique furniture and heirloom pieces that remain in excellent condition after many years.
Maintenance and Care: While Caoba is naturally durable, like all woods, its longevity can be maximised through proper maintenance. Regular cleaning, protection from extreme moisture or dryness, and refinishing when necessary help maintain its beauty and structural integrity over time.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: When freshly cut, Caoba, like other woods, contains a high moisture content. This can be quite substantial, often well above the wood's dry weight.
Drying Process: During the drying process, the moisture content is reduced to make the wood suitable for woodworking and to minimise issues like warping or cracking. The goal is to bring the wood to an equilibrium moisture content (EMC).
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): This is the moisture content where the wood is in balance with the surrounding environment. For interior woodworking projects, hardwoods like Caoba are typically dried to an EMC of about 6-8% in temperate climates. In more humid climates, the EMC might be slightly higher, usually around 9-14%.
End Use: The ideal moisture content for Caoba also depends on its intended use and the climate where it will be used. Wood for indoor furniture in a controlled climate will have a different ideal moisture content compared to wood used for outdoor applications.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 420 kg/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOE): 95880 cm3
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (REFLEX): 218 kg/cm2
- RR Flex Rupture Resistance: 537kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity for Compression Parallel (MOECom): 77790 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Elastic Limit for Compression Parallel (RLECom): 153 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Rupture for Compression Parallel (RR Com): 228 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Elastic Limit for Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com Perp): 228 kg/cm2
- Resistance to Rupture for Shear Parallel (RR Corte): 228 kg/cm2
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 195 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transversal Face (JK Lateral): 214 kg
Safety Considerations
While Caoba wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
VU - Vulnerable
(iucnredlist.org)
Caracolillo
Dalbergia Spruceana
Other names:
Amazon Rosewood
Cocobalo Morado
Cocobolo Negro
Tampiceran
Zangalicua
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Caracolillo wood is native to parts of Central and South America. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Caracolillo trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Caracolillo trees thrive in a tropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-suited to regions with high humidity and regular rainfall.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is essential for the growth of Caracolillo trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Caracolillo trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and riverine habitats.
Altitude: Caracolillo trees are typically found at lower elevations, often below 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) above sea level.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Caracolillo can range from a deep, chocolate brown to a reddish-brown, often with darker streaks or bands. The colour can sometimes exhibit a beautiful, rich hue that deepens over time with exposure to light. The sapwood, which is the younger wood on the outer layers of the tree, is usually much lighter, often with pale yellow or creamy tones.
Grain: Caracolillo typically has an interlocked or irregular grain, which can produce distinctive and visually appealing patterns. This irregular grain structure can also contribute to a shimmering or reflective quality when the wood is polished, known as chatoyancy. The texture of the wood is generally fine to medium, and it often has a natural luster.
Common Applications
Furniture and Cabinetry: The rich colour and distinctive grain patterns of Caracolillo make it an excellent choice for high-end furniture and cabinetry. Its ability to take a fine finish enhances its natural beauty in these applications.
Musical Instruments: Caracolillo is often used in the making of musical instruments, especially for parts like fingerboards, bridges, and decorative inlays. Its density and fine grain contribute to both the aesthetic and acoustic qualities of the instruments.
Veneers and Inlays: The wood's striking appearance makes it suitable for veneers and inlays in furniture, flooring, and decorative panels. It adds a touch of luxury and uniqueness to these products.
Turned Objects and Specialty Items: Caracolillo's workability and attractive grain make it a favorite for turned objects like bowls, pens, and other small decorative items. Its fine texture allows for detailed work and a smooth finish.
Artisanal Crafts: Artisans often use Caracolillo for small-scale crafts, such as jewellery boxes, picture frames, and ornamental objects, where its visual appeal can be fully showcased.
Marquetry and Intarsia: The unique coloration and grain patterns of Caracolillo lend themselves well to marquetry and intarsia, art forms that involve creating pictures and patterns with thin slices of wood.
Versatility Beyond Woodworking
In some regions, certain parts of the tree may have been used in traditional medicine by local communities. However, detailed information about specific medicinal uses would require further research and verification.
Durability
Natural Durability: Caracolillo is generally considered to have good natural durability. This means it has a natural resistance to decay, rot, and insect attack, which is a characteristic trait of many Dalbergia species.
Resistance to Insects: Like other woods in the Dalbergia family, Caracolillo is typically resistant to insect infestations, including termites. This makes it suitable for applications where durability against pests is a concern.
Suitability for Outdoor Use: While it has good natural durability, like most hardwoods, its longevity in outdoor applications can be enhanced through proper finishing and maintenance. For outdoor use, it may require additional protective treatments to guard against the elements.
Stability: Woods in the Dalbergia genus are known for their stability, meaning they are less prone to warping and twisting compared to many other types of wood. This stability contributes to the overall durability of Caracolillo in various applications.
Wear Resistance: Caracolillo's density and hardness also make it resistant to wear and abrasion, which is beneficial for applications like flooring or furniture that require a durable surface.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: Immediately after being cut, Caracolillo, like all woods, contains a high level of moisture. This green moisture content can be quite substantial, often exceeding 100% relative to the wood's dry weight.
Drying Process: To make the wood suitable for most applications, it undergoes a drying process. This process aims to reduce the moisture content to a level that matches the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of the environment where the wood will be used.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): EMC is the moisture content at which the wood is neither gaining nor losing moisture; this is a balance with its surroundings. For indoor applications in temperate climates, hardwoods like Caracolillo.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 660 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 126480 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 604 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 997 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 130225 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 271 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 528 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 528 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 528 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 566 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 635 kg
Safety Considerations
While Caracolillo wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
CR - Critically Endangered
(iucnredlist.org)
Cedro
Cedrela Odorata
Meliaceae Family
Other names:
Cedro Macho
Spanish Cedar
West Indian Cedar
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Cedro is native to the neotropical regions of the Americas. It is indigenous to parts of Central and South America and the Caribbean. The species has a long history of use and trade, dating back to ancient civilisations.
Habitat: Cedro trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical environments. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Cedro trees thrive in a tropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Cedro trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Cedro trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and may also occur in upland areas.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Cedro ranges from a light pinkish to reddish-brown colour. Over time, and especially with exposure to light, the colour tends to deepen to a richer hue. The sapwood, which is the newer and outermost wood layer, is usually lighter in colour, often pale yellow or white, and is clearly distinguishable from the heartwood.
Grain: Cedro generally has a straight or slightly interlocked grain. The straight grain contributes to its attractiveness and makes it easier to work with in various woodworking applications. However, the presence of interlocked grain can also create a pleasing visual effect, adding character to the wood.
Texture: The texture of Cedro is typically described as fine to medium, with a slightly oily feel. This texture contributes to the wood's natural luster and makes it particularly appealing for both visual and tactile aspects in woodworking projects.
Aromatic Quality: An interesting feature of Cedro is its distinct, pleasant cedar-like aroma, particularly noticeable when the wood is freshly cut. This aroma adds to the appeal of the wood, especially for applications like cigar boxes or closets where the scent can be a desirable attribute.
Common Applications
Furniture: Cedro wood is commonly used for crafting furniture, including cabinets, dressers, tables, and chairs. Its lightweight nature and attractive appearance make it suitable for both indoor and outdoor furniture.
Guitars: Cedro wood is favored by luthiers for crafting the backs and sides of classical and flamenco guitars. It is valued for its tonal qualities and resonance.
Boat Building: Cedro wood is used in boat building for constructing interiors, paneling, and decorative elements. Its resistance to decay makes it suitable for marine applications.
Decorative Woodworking: Woodworkers use Cedro for various decorative woodworking projects, including carvings, sculptures, and turned objects like bowls and vases.
Lining Drawers and Closets: The aromatic properties of Cedro wood make it an excellent choice for lining drawers, closets, and storage spaces to protect clothing and linens from moths and insects.
Cabinetry: Cedro wood is used in kitchen and bathroom cabinetry due to its fine grain, attractive appearance, and resistance to moisture and humidity.
Paneling: It is used for interior wall paneling, adding a touch of warmth and elegance to residential and commercial spaces.
Musical Instruments: Apart from guitars, Cedro wood may also be used in crafting other musical instruments, such as ukuleles and marimbas.
Architectural Features: Some architectural features, like decorative columns and beams, may be made from Cedro wood to add visual appeal to buildings.
Sculpture Bases: The wood's stability and fine grain make it suitable for creating bases and pedestals for sculptures and art installations.
Versatility Beyond Woodworking
Cedrela Odorata is used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including as a treatment for fever, cough, and rheumatism. However, its primary commercial use is in the timber industry.
Durability
Natural Durability: Cedro is naturally resistant to decay and rot, making it a durable choice for many applications. Its resistance to fungal decay is particularly noteworthy.
Insect Resistance: It is well-known for its resistance to insect attacks, including termites and other wood-boring insects. This characteristic is partly due to its aromatic properties, which are similar to those of true cedars and act as a natural insect repellent.
Outdoor Use: While Cedro has good natural durability, its performance in outdoor applications can vary. It may not be as durable as some other hardwoods when exposed to extreme weather conditions over long periods, unless properly treated or maintained.
Maintenance: Regular maintenance, such as applying protective finishes, can help prolong its life, especially in outdoor applications.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: When freshly cut, Cedro, like other woods, contains a high level of moisture.
Drying Process: It is typically dried to reduce its moisture content to a level suitable for the intended use. The drying must be done carefully to prevent warping or cracking, as Cedro can be sensitive to rapid moisture loss.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): In a finished product, Cedro's moisture content will stabilize to an EMC appropriate for the ambient conditions. For interior uses in temperate climates, this is generally around 6-12%. The exact EMC will depend on the local climate and indoor conditions.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Cedro varies based on its application and the environmental conditions where the final product will be used.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 400 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 80000 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 250 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 500 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 73580 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 144 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 280 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 22 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 61 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 245 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 230 kg
Safety Considerations
While Cedro wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
VU - Vulnerable
(iucnredlist.org)
Chakte Kok
Havardia Albicans
Fabaceae Family
Other names:
Gateado
Honduras Redwood
Palo Mulato
Redheart
Zapotillo
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Chakte Kok is native to parts of North and Central America. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Chakte Kok trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Chakte Kok trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Chakte Kok trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Chakte Kok trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests.
Colour & Grain
Colour: Chakte Kok is well-known for its striking heartwood, which ranges from a vibrant orange to a deep, rich red color. The intensity of the colour can vary, sometimes even within the same piece of wood.
The sapwood of Chakte Kok is typically pale yellow, contrasting sharply with the heartwood.
Grain: The grain of Chakte Kok is typically straight, though it can sometimes be interlocked or wavy.
Texture: The wood's texture is generally fine to medium, contributing to a smooth finish when polished.
Aging and Exposure: Over time and with exposure to light, the vivid colour of Chakte Kok tends to darken slightly, evolving into a more subdued and deeper reddish hue, which is often considered even more attractive.
Common Applications
Fine Furniture: Its striking color and durability make Chakte Kok ideal for high-quality furniture pieces like tables, chairs, cabinets, and decorative inlays.
Woodturning: The wood's density and beautiful coloration make it popular for turned objects such as bowls, vases, and ornamental pieces.
Musical Instruments: Its acoustic properties and aesthetic appeal are appreciated in the manufacture of certain musical instruments, especially for decorative elements.
Decorative Items and Carvings: The vivid color and fine grain of Chakte Kok make it suitable for detailed carvings and decorative items, adding a unique and exotic touch.
Cabinetry and Millwork: The wood's durability and attractive appearance are valued in cabinetry, especially for accent pieces or specialty woodwork.
Flooring and Parquetry: Its hardness and resistance to wear can make it a good choice for flooring, including intricate parquet designs.
Architectural Accents: Used in interior design for features like paneling, trim, and other decorative architectural elements.
Specialty Wood Products: Including luxury items, jewellery boxes, picture frames, and other high-end woodcrafts.
Versatility Beyond Woodworking
The leaves of the tree are sold in rolled bunches as roofing due to their durability of up to 10 years. Smaller leaves are utilized for hats, brooms, hand fans, and baskets.
Durability
Resistance to Decay: Chakte Kok has a good natural resistance to rot and decay, which is a significant attribute for wood used in furniture and other woodworking projects, especially those that may be exposed to varying environmental conditions.
Hardness: It is a hard and dense wood, which contributes to its overall durability. This hardness makes it resistant to scratches and wear, suitable for items that will see regular use.
Stability: Chakte Kok is known for its dimensional stability. It tends to resist warping and twisting, which is particularly important in applications where maintaining shape and form over time is crucial.
Resistance to Insects: The wood has a natural resistance to termites and other wood-boring insects, enhancing its suitability for long-lasting furniture and construction.
Longevity: With proper care and maintenance, items made from Chakte Kok can last for many years, retaining their structural integrity and aesthetic appeal.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: When freshly cut, Chakte Kok, like other woods, contains a high moisture content. This initial moisture level can be quite significant, often a substantial percentage of the wood's weight.
Drying Process: After harvesting, the wood needs to be carefully dried to reduce its moisture content. This process is crucial to minimize issues like warping, cracking, or splitting. The drying must be done gradually and carefully, considering the wood's density and grain structure.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once dried, Chakte Kok will reach an equilibrium moisture content where it neither gains nor loses moisture in a given environment. The EMC depends on the relative humidity and temperature of the surrounding environment. For indoor use in temperate climates, the EMC for hardwoods like Chakte Kok typically ranges from 6% to 12%.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Chakte Kok will vary depending on its intended use and the conditions of the environment where the finished product will be placed. For example, wood used for indoor furniture in a controlled climate will have a different ideal moisture content compared to wood used for outdoor applications.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 660 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 121380 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 405 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 840 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 130225 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 271 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 443 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 439 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 443 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 555 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 650 kg
Safety Considerations
While Chakte Kok wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
LC - Least Concern
(iucnredlist.org)
Chakte Viga
Caesalpinia Platyloba
Fabaceae Family
Other names:
Aripin
Bastard Penambuco
Bloodwood
Mexican Pernambuco
Paela
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Chakte Viga is native to parts of North and Central America. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Chakte Viga trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Chakte Viga trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Chakte Viga trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Chakte Viga trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Chakte Viga is known for its rich, vibrant color, which ranges from a deep reddish-orange to a golden brown. This striking hue is one of its most notable features. The color can deepen and become more vibrant over time, especially when exposed to light. The sapwood, by contrast, is typically much lighter, often pale yellow or white, providing a clear distinction from the heartwood.
Grain: The grain of Chakte Viga is typically straight, but it can also exhibit some irregularities, such as being slightly interlocked or wavy. These grain patterns can add character and visual interest to the wood, making it particularly attractive for woodworking projects where the natural appearance of the wood is highlighted.
Texture: Chakte Viga usually has a medium to fine texture, which contributes to a smooth finish when worked and polished. This texture allows for detailed work and enhances the wood's natural luster.
It is important to note that interlocked grain can result in tear-out during machining operations, so care should be taken to avoid overheating the wood during sanding, as this can lead to heat checks
Common Applications
Fine Furniture: Due to its beautiful colour and grain pattern, Chakte Viga is often used in high-end furniture making. It's particularly favoured for pieces where the natural wood is showcased, such as tables, chairs, and cabinets.
Decorative Veneers and Inlays: Its vibrant color and grain make Chakte Viga a popular choice for veneers and inlays in fine furniture and cabinetry, adding a touch of luxury and visual interest.
Musical Instruments: Some craftsmen use Chakte Viga for making musical instruments, particularly for parts like guitar backs and sides, where its aesthetic qualities are appreciated and its acoustic properties can be beneficial.
Woodturning and Carvings: The wood's workability makes it suitable for turned objects and intricate carvings. Items like bowls, decorative objects, and small sculptures are often crafted from Chakte Viga.
Flooring and Interior Joinery: In some cases, Chakte Viga is used for flooring and interior joinery, especially in settings where its unique colour and durability are desired.
Specialty Items: Its striking appearance makes it a favoured material for specialty items like jewellery boxes, picture frames, and other artisanal crafts where the wood's natural beauty is a central feature.
Durability
Natural Durability: Chakte Viga is generally considered to be a durable wood. It has good natural resistance to decay and rot, making it suitable for a range of applications, especially where longevity and resistance to environmental factors are important.
Insect Resistance: It is also known for its resistance to insect attack, including termites, which is a valuable attribute for both indoor and outdoor uses.
Outdoor Use: While Chakte Viga is durable, like all woods, its longevity in outdoor applications can be affected by environmental conditions. It may require proper treatment or finishing for optimal performance and lifespan in exterior applications.
Stability: It exhibits good dimensional stability, which means it is less prone to warping or twisting, further contributing to its overall durability.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: In its green (freshly cut) state, Chakte Viga, like other woods, contains a high level of moisture.
Drying Process: Proper drying is essential to reduce the moisture content to a level suitable for woodworking. The drying process needs to be controlled to prevent issues such as cracking or warping.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once dried, the wood will reach an EMC appropriate for the ambient conditions. For interior uses in temperate climates, the EMC for woods like Chakte Viga generally ranges from 6% to 12%.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Chakte Viga will vary depending on its intended use and the environmental conditions of where the final product will be used.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 920 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 158025 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): NO DATA kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : NO DATA kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 1835 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 121 kg
Safety Considerations
While Chakte Viga wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
VU - Vulnerable
(iucnredlist.org)
Chechen
Metopium Brownei
Anacardiaceae Family
Other names:
Black Poisonwood
Boar Wood
Caribbean Rosewood
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Chechen is native to parts of Central America, particularly the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico and some parts of Central America, including Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Chechen trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Chechen trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Chechen trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Chechen trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and may also occur in upland areas.
Colour & Grain
Colour: Chechen typically exhibits a rich and varied colour palette. The heartwood can range from a medium to dark brown, often with streaks of gold, red, or even green and black. The colour can be quite striking and may deepen over time.
Grain: The grain of Chechen is usually straight but can be interlocked or irregular, contributing to the wood's attractive appearance. This grain pattern can produce visually interesting and unique effects in finished pieces.
Texture: It generally has a medium to fine texture, contributing to its smooth finish and good workability.
Common Applications
Fine Furniture and Cabinetry: The beautiful and distinctive coloration of Chechen makes it a preferred choice for high-end furniture and cabinetry.
Flooring: Its hardness and durability, along with its striking appearance, make it suitable for flooring, especially in areas where a unique aesthetic is desired.
Decorative Items and Woodturning: Its appealing grain pattern and colour variety make it a popular choice for decorative items, woodturning projects, and artistic crafts.
Musical Instruments: Sometimes used in the making of musical instruments, Chechen can provide both aesthetic appeal and durability.
Durability
Resistance to Decay and Insects: Chechen is known for its good natural durability. It is resistant to decay and has a good level of resistance to insect attacks.
Outdoor Use: While it is durable, for outdoor applications, it may require proper finishing and maintenance to extend its life and preserve its appearance.
Moisture Content
Green Wood: As with any wood, when freshly cut, Chechen has a high moisture content.
Drying Process: It needs to be carefully dried to reduce the moisture content to a suitable level for woodworking. The process must be controlled to prevent issues like warping or cracking.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once properly dried, Chechen will reach an EMC that is in equilibrium with the surrounding environment. This EMC will vary depending on the climate and specific conditions of use.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Chechen will depend on its intended application and the conditions in the area where the finished product will be used.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 370 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 69690 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 245 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 426 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 67320 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 130 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 180 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 175 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 119 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 181 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 213 kg
Safety Considerations
The bark of the Chechen tree produces urushiol, which can cause contact dermatitis, similar to poison ivy. Therefore, live trees and fresh cut logs should be handled carefully. However, once the lumber has been processed, there are no harmful effects from handling the re-sawn boards.
As a precaution, it is recommended to wear a dust mask, gloves, and long sleeves when working with this particular wood.
While severe reactions are quite uncommon, Chechen has been reported as a sensitiser, and common reactions may include eye and skin irritation. Therefore, it is important to take necessary precautions and refer to articles on wood allergies and toxicity, as well as wood dust safety, for more information
Endangerment Level
LR - Lower Risk
(iucnredlist.org)
Chico Zapote
Manilkara Zapota
Sapotaceae Family
Other names:
Chicle
Medlar
Sapodilla
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Chico Zapote is native to southern Mexico, Central America, and parts of northern South America. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Chico Zapote trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Chico Zapote trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with high humidity.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Chico Zapote trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Chico Zapote trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and may also occur in coastal areas.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Chico Zapote is typically a reddish-brown, sometimes with a more orange or golden hue. Over time, the colour may deepen, developing a richer tone. The sapwood is usually lighter, often cream-coloured or pale yellow, providing a clear distinction from the heartwood.
Grain: The grain is generally straight but can sometimes be interlocked. The interlocked grain can create interesting visual effects, particularly when the wood is finished.
Texture: Chico Zapote usually has a fine to medium texture, contributing to a smooth finish and good workability.
Common Applications
Heavy Construction: Due to its strength and durability, it is often used in heavy construction, such as for beams, posts, and bridges.
Furniture and Cabinetry: Its attractive appearance makes it suitable for furniture and cabinetry, particularly in high-end applications where its unique colour and grain are showcased.
Flooring: The wood's durability and hardness make it a good choice for flooring, especially in areas subjected to heavy traffic.
Boat Building: Its resistance to water makes it suitable for some marine applications, including boat building.
Tool Handles and Sporting Goods: The wood's strength and shock resistance are ideal for tool handles and some sporting goods.
Durability
Resistance to Decay and Rot: Chico Zapote is highly resistant to decay and rot due to its dense and hard nature. This characteristic makes it an excellent choice for applications where longevity and resistance to environmental factors are crucial.
Insect Resistance: The wood is also known for its resistance to insect attacks, including termites. This is an important factor for its use in both indoor and outdoor applications, contributing to its overall durability.
Strength and Hardness: Chico Zapote is a very dense and hard wood, which not only contributes to its durability but also to its resistance to wear and tear. This makes it suitable for high-traffic areas and applications where the wood is subject to heavy use.
Moisture Resistance: The wood exhibits good resistance to moisture, which enhances its suitability for outdoor use and in environments with high humidity.
Stability: It generally displays good dimensional stability, meaning it is less likely to warp or twist compared to many other types of wood.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: In its freshly cut state, Chico Zapote, like other woods, has a high moisture content.
Drying Process: It needs to be carefully dried to reduce its moisture content for woodworking. Controlled drying is essential to prevent warping or splitting.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once dried, it will reach an EMC appropriate for the ambient conditions. For interior uses in temperate climates, the EMC for hardwoods like Chico Zapote typically ranges from 6% to 12%.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Chico Zapote depends on its intended use and the environmental conditions of where the final product will be used.
Versatility Beyond Woodworking
The tree is noted for its edible fruits, which have a flavour reminiscent of candied pear. It also produces chicle, a latex used in making chewing gum.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 900 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 163200 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 732 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 1317 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 185460 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 402 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 667 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 667 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 667 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 923 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 887 kg
Safety Considerations
Chico Zapote wood, also known as Sapodilla, has been reported to cause respiratory (nasal) irritation, although severe reactions are quite uncommon.
It is important to note that all wood dust, when inhaled, can be hazardous to long-term health.
Therefore, it is advisable to take necessary precautions when working with Chico Zapote wood, such as wearing a dust mask and ensuring proper ventilation in the working area.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
LC - Least Concern
(iucnredlist.org)
Ciricote
Cordia Dodecandra
Boraginaceae Family
Other names:
Laurel
Siricote
Ziricote
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Ciricote is native to various regions in Central America, particularly in countries such as Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Ciricote trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Ciricote trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Ciricote trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Ciricote trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and may also occur in upland areas.
Colour & Grain
Colour: The heartwood of Ciricote typically displays a rich and dark brown to almost black color. This deep coloration is one of its most distinctive features. The heartwood can sometimes have streaks or highlights of lighter brown or grayish-brown.
The sapwood, in contrast, is usually much lighter in colour, often pale yellow or creamy white. The contrast between the dark heartwood and light sapwood creates an appealing visual contrast.
Figuring: Ciricote wood is known for its unique figuring, which can include intricate grain patterns, swirls, and even occasional chatoyancy (cat's-eye effect) due to the way the wood reflects light. This figuring adds to its visual appeal.
Grain Pattern: The grain of Ciricote is typically straight but can occasionally be slightly interlocked or wavy. This interlocked grain can contribute to its interesting and visually captivating grain patterns.
Texture: Ciricote usually has a fine to medium texture, which contributes to its smooth finish and workability. The wood's texture enhances its overall aesthetic qualities.
Common Applications
Fine Furniture: Ciricote is highly sought after for crafting fine and luxurious furniture. Its rich, dark heartwood and contrasting light sapwood create a visually captivating look, making it ideal for high-quality tables, chairs, cabinets, and other furniture pieces.
Cabinetry: Cabinetmakers often use Ciricote wood for creating stunning kitchen and bathroom cabinets. Its exquisite color and grain patterns can transform ordinary cabinets into works of art.
Musical Instruments: The wood's exceptional acoustic properties and aesthetic appeal make it a preferred choice for crafting musical instruments, particularly for the backs and sides of acoustic guitars and other stringed instruments.
Decorative Veneers: Ciricote is sliced into thin veneer sheets to be used as decorative overlays on furniture, interior paneling, doors, and other surfaces. Its unique figuring and coloration enhance the visual appeal of these applications.
Woodturning and Carving: Woodturners and carvers appreciate Ciricote for its workability and the striking finished pieces it produces. It's used for crafting bowls, sculptures, and other artistic objects.
Decorative Boxes and Inlays: Craftsmen often use Ciricote wood for making decorative boxes and inlays. The wood's natural beauty and unique patterns lend themselves well to these fine woodworking applications.
Architectural Millwork: Ciricote can be incorporated into architectural millwork, such as moldings, trim, and custom millwork details, to add a touch of elegance to interior spaces.
Knife Handles and Pens: Its dense and durable nature makes Ciricote a suitable choice for knife handles and pen blanks, where its visual appeal and durability are appreciated.
Restoration and Repairs: Ciricote wood is sometimes used in the restoration and repair of antique furniture and musical instruments due to its ability to closely match the appearance of aged wood.
Durability
Natural Durability: Ciricote is generally considered a durable wood. It has good resistance to decay and rot, making it suitable for long-lasting applications. This durability is particularly valuable in outdoor applications or in environments where wood is exposed to moisture.
Insect Resistance: Ciricote also possesses resistance to insect attacks, including termites. This makes it a suitable choice for both indoor and outdoor projects, as it is less prone to damage from wood-boring insects.
Strength and Hardness: Ciricote is a dense and hard wood, which contributes to its durability and resistance to wear and tear. It can withstand heavy use and is less likely to dent or scratch.
Moisture Resistance: While it is not considered completely waterproof, Ciricote's natural resistance to moisture makes it suitable for applications where it may be exposed to occasional dampness or humidity.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: Like all woods, Ciricote has a high moisture content when freshly cut. This moisture needs to be reduced through a drying process to make the wood suitable for woodworking.
Drying Process: Proper drying is crucial to reduce the moisture content of Ciricote to an appropriate level for its intended use. Careful drying helps prevent issues such as warping or cracking.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once dried, Ciricote will reach an equilibrium moisture content that is in balance with the surrounding environment. The specific EMC will vary depending on the local climate and indoor conditions. For interior uses in temperate climates, an EMC of 6% to 12% is typical for hardwoods like Ciricote.
Application Specific: The ideal moisture content for Ciricote depends on its intended application and the environmental conditions of the area where the final product will be used.
Versatility Beyond Woodworking
The tree is known for its bright orange flowers, which are produced in clusters at branch ends from February to May, followed by white fruits that are locally made into sweets.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 780 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 98000 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 607 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 963 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 157540 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 336 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 496 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 528 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 498 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 1012 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 791 kg
Safety Considerations
While Ciricote wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
LC - Least Concern
(iucnredlist.org)
Granadillo
Platymiscium Pinnatum
Boraginaceae Family
Other names:
Cristobal
Coyote
Guayacan
Macawood
Panama Redwood
Trebol
Characteristics
Origin & Habitat
Origin: Granadillo is native to various regions in Central and South America. It is indigenous to these regions and has a natural range within tropical and subtropical environments.
Habitat: Granadillo trees are typically found in tropical and subtropical habitats. Here are some key habitat characteristics:
Climate: Granadillo trees thrive in a tropical to subtropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. They are well-adapted to regions with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Rainfall: Adequate rainfall is important for the growth of Granadillo trees, and they are often found in areas with a consistent supply of moisture.
Soil: Granadillo trees can grow in various soil types, including well-drained soils. They are often found in lowland tropical forests and may also occur in upland areas.
Colour & Grain
Colour: Granadillo is prized for its rich and vibrant colour. The heartwood of Granadillo typically ranges from reddish-brown to deep purple-brown, with occasional streaks of dark brown or black. This natural coloration can darken and become even more lustrous with age and exposure to light.
Grain: The grain of Granadillo is usually straight but can occasionally be slightly interlocked. It has a fine to medium texture, which contributes to a smooth and polished finish. The wood's grain pattern is generally uniform, enhancing its overall appearance.
Common Applications
Musical Instruments: Granadillo is highly regarded in the world of musical instrument making. It is commonly used for crafting the back and sides of acoustic guitars, woodwind instruments like clarinets and oboes, and various percussion instruments. Its exceptional tonal qualities and attractive appearance make it a top choice for luthiers.
Fine Furniture: The rich colour and fine grain of Granadillo make it a sought-after wood for crafting high-quality furniture, including tables, chairs, cabinets, and veneers. Its elegant appearance can elevate the aesthetic of furniture pieces.
Turned Items: Granadillo is used in woodturning projects to create items like bowls, pens, and decorative pieces. Its fine grain and polishability make it suitable for these applications.
Knife Handles and Inlays: The wood's density and durability make it a preferred material for knife handles and inlays in custom knives and decorative items.
Decorative Veneers: Granadillo is sliced into thin veneer sheets and used as decorative overlays on fine furniture and cabinetry, adding a touch of luxury and natural beauty.
Durability
Natural Durability: Granadillo is known for its natural durability. It has excellent resistance to decay and rot, making it a reliable choice for outdoor applications, such as boat building, decking, and outdoor furniture.
Insect Resistance: This wood is resistant to insect infestations, including termites, which adds to its longevity in various environments.
Moisture Content
Green Moisture Content: Like other woods, Granadillo has a high moisture content when freshly cut. Proper drying is essential to reduce this moisture content for woodworking.
Drying Process: Careful drying is necessary to prevent issues such as warping or checking. Slow and controlled drying is preferred to maintain the wood's stability.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC): Once dried, Granadillo will reach an EMC that is in balance with the surrounding environment. The specific EMC will vary depending on the local climate and indoor conditions.
Physical & Mechanical Characteristics
- Density: 660 kg/m³
- Modulus of Elasticity (MOEFLEX): 126480 cm³
- Resistance to Elastic Limit (RLEFLEX): 604 kg/cm²
- Flex Rupture Resistance (RR): 997 kg/cm²
- Modulus of Elasticity Compression Parallel (MOECom): 130225 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Parallel (RLECom): 271 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Compression Parallel (RR Com): 528 kg/cm²
- Perpendicular Resistance to Elastic Limit Compression Perpendicular (RLE Com): 528 kg/cm²
- Resistance to Rupture Shear Parallel (RR Corte) : 528 kg/cm²
- Lateral Hardness for Side Face (JK Lateral): 566 kg
- Lateral Hardness for Transverse Face (JK Lateral): 635 kg
Safety Considerations
While Granadillo wood is not known for significant toxicity, wearing protective gear such as gloves and a mask can help minimise potential irritation or allergies.
If you have specific concerns or allergies, it's advisable to conduct a small test or consult safety guidelines before prolonged exposure or extensive handling.
Endangerment Level
CR - Critically Endangered
(iucnredlist.org)